Memory leaks in high-volume workers often hide in queues, caches, and long-lived references. Track heap growth per job, force GC checks, and isolate retention paths before scaling.

Dedicated servers offer predictable performance and hardware control; cloud instances add rapid scaling and flexible costs for fluctuating, resource-intensive workloads.

Configure load balancers with auto-scaling targets, health checks, and session-aware routing to absorb sudden e-commerce surges without slowing checkout or product pages.

Deadlocks surface as stalled transactions and timeout spikes. Trace lock graphs, shorten transaction scope, index hot paths, and retry safely to keep web workloads scalable.

Zero-downtime deployments with Kubernetes and Docker use rolling updates, readiness probes, and health checks to route traffic only to verified pods while old replicas drain gracefully.